Python中字符串与字节之间相互转换
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a = b"Hello, world!" # bytes object
b = "Hello, world!" # str object

字符串转字节 str --> bytes

字符串转字节 str --> bytes

print(str.encode(b)) # 默认 encoding="utf-8"
print(bytes(b, encoding="utf8"))
print(b.encode()) # 默认 encoding="utf-8"

字节转字符串 bytes --> str
​# 字节转字符串 bytes --> str
print(bytes.decode(a)) # 默认encoding="utf-8"
print(str(a, encoding="utf-8"))
print(a.decode()) # 默认 encoding="utf-8"